Place Value in Whole Numbers

Place Value in Whole Numbers

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Title : Place Value in Whole Numbers
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Place Value in Whole Numbers

Place Value in Whole Numbers

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

  • Use place value to define all digits of a whole number
Our number system is called a place value system because the value of a digit depends on its position, or place, in a number. The number 537537 has a different value than the number 735735. Even though they use the same digits, their value is different because of the different placement of the 33 and the 77 and the 55.
Money gives us a familiar model of place value. Suppose a wallet contains three $100 bills, seven $10 bills, and four $1 bills. The amounts are summarized in the image below. How much money is in the wallet?
An image of three stacks of American currency. First stack from left to right is a stack of 3 $100 bills, then a stack of 7 $10 bills, then a stack of 4 $1 bills. 3 time $100 equals $300, 7 times $10 equals $70, and 4 times $1 equals $4.
Find the total value of each kind of bill, and then add to find the total. The wallet contains $374.
$300 plus $70 plus $4 equals $374
Base-10 blocks provide another way to model place value, as shown in the image below. The blocks can be used to represent hundreds, tens, and ones. Notice that the tens rod is made up of 1010 ones, and the hundreds square is made of 1010 tens, or 100100 ones.
An image with three items. The first item is a single block with the label "A single block represents 1". The second item is row of ten squares with the label "A rod represents 10". The third items is a square made up of smaller squares with the label "A square represents 100".
The image below shows the number 138138 modeled with base-10 blocks.
We use place value notation to show the value of the number 138138.
An image consisting of three items. The first item is a square of 100 blocks, 10 blocks wide and 10 blocks tall, with the label 1 hundred. Then 3 separate rows of squares with the label 3 tens. Then 8 single squares with the label 8 ones.
An image of
DigitPlace valueNumberValueTotal value
11hundreds11100100100100
33tens3310103030
88ones8811+8+8




Sum =138Sum =138

EXAMPLE

Use place value notation to find the value of the number modeled by the base-10 blocks shown.
An image consisting of three items. The first item is two squares of 100 blocks each, 10 blocks wide and 10 blocks tall. The second item is one horizontal rod containing 10 blocks. The third item is 5 individual blocks.

TRY IT

By looking at money and base-1010 blocks, we saw that each place in a number has a different value. A place value chart is a useful way to summarize this information. The place values are separated into groups of three, called periods. The periods are ones, thousands, millions, billions, trillions, and so on. In a written number, commas separate the periods.
Just as with the base-1010 blocks, where the value of the tens rod is ten times the value of the ones block and the value of the hundreds square is ten times the tens rod, the value of each place in the place-value chart is ten times the value of the place to the right of it.
The chart below shows how the number 5,278,1945,278,194 is written in a place value chart.
A chart titled 'Place Value' with fifteen columns and 4 rows, with the columns broken down into five groups of three. The header row shows Trillions, Billions, Millions, Thousands, and Ones. The next row has the values 'Hundred trillions', 'Ten trillions', 'trillions', 'hundred billions', 'ten billions', 'billions', 'hundred millions', 'ten millions', 'millions', 'hundred thousands', 'ten thousands', 'thousands', 'hundreds', 'tens', and 'ones'. The first 8 values in the next row are blank. Starting with the ninth column, the values are '5', '2', '7', '8', '1', '9', and '4'.
  • The digit 55 is in the millions place. Its value is 5,000,0005,000,000.
  • The digit 22 is in the hundred thousands place. Its value is 200,000200,000.
  • The digit 77 is in the ten thousands place. Its value is 70,00070,000.
  • The digit 88 is in the thousands place. Its value is 8,0008,000.
  • The digit 11 is in the hundreds place. Its value is 100100.
  • The digit 99 is in the tens place. Its value is 9090.
  • The digit 44 is in the ones place. Its value is 44.

EXAMPLE

In the number 63,407,21863,407,218; find the place value of each of the following digits:
  1. 77
  2. 00
  3. 11
  4. 66
  5. 33